1.misunderstanding

In terms of rabies cognition, there are some misunderstandings among the public, which often lead to misunderstanding and improper handling of rabies. Here are some common misconceptions:
You can only get rabies if you are bitten by a dog:
Fact: Rabies can be spread not only by dog bites, but also by bites or scratches from wild carnivorous mammals such as cats, weasels, badgers, raccoon dogs, wolves, foxes, and bats. In addition, open wounds or mucous membranes contaminated with saliva from diseased animals can also be infected with rabies virus.
Dogs that look healthy do not transmit rabies:
Fact: Seemingly healthy dogs can carry the rabies virus, especially in rabies-endemic areas. Therefore, any bite or scratch from an animal that cannot rule out rabies should be promptly treated after rabies exposure.
The incubation period of rabies can take decades:
Fact: The incubation period for rabies varies in length, but is generally from half a month to 3 months. The incubation period of 10 years, 20 years is very rare, almost not. The length of incubation period is related to the age of the injured person, the condition of the wound, the virulence and quantity of the invading virus and other factors.
Rabies vaccine must be administered within 24 hours of injury to be effective:
Fact: While the sooner the rabies vaccine is given, the better, it does not have to be given within 24 hours of injury to be effective. Rabies post-exposure treatment, including wound treatment and vaccination, can be effective in preventing rabies as long as it is performed promptly after a bite or scratch.
The ten-day observation method applies to all situations:
Fact: The ten-day observation method is not applicable in all cases. It needs to take into account multiple preconditions, such as non-high-risk countries or regions, and effective immunization of more than 70% of local animals. In the absence of these preconditions, the ten-day observation method is not reliable.

2.FACTS

Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by rabies virus infection and has a high fatality rate. Here are some important facts about rabies:
Transmission route:
Rabies is mainly transmitted through the bite or scratch of a sick animal, but can also be infected through saliva contamination of open wounds or mucous membranes.
Case fatality rate:
The case fatality rate of rabies is extremely high, reaching almost 100%. Once onset, there is no effective clinical treatment.
Prevalence:
About 55,000 people die from rabies every year, or one person every 10 minutes. As one of the endemic countries of rabies, China has made remarkable progress in prevention and control in recent years.
Preventive measures:
The key to the prevention of rabies is timely and correct wound treatment and regular and effective immunization. After being bitten or scratched, the wound should be treated immediately and vaccinated against rabies. If necessary, rabies immunoglobulin should also be administered for passive immunization.

3.Scientific prevention and control

In order to effectively control the spread and prevalence of rabies, it is necessary to take scientific prevention and control measures. Here are some suggestions:
Strengthen publicity and education:
Improve public awareness of rabies and popularize correct prevention knowledge and treatment methods. Publicity should be carried out through media, Internet and other channels to enhance the public's awareness of self-protection.
Strict animal management:
Regular vaccinations and medical check-ups for household pets to ensure their health. At the same time, strengthen the management and shelter of stray animals to reduce the source of rabies virus transmission.
Timely post-exposure disposal:
Establish a sound post-exposure treatment mechanism for rabies to ensure that bite or scratch victims can receive timely and standardized wound treatment and vaccination services. Medical institutions should strengthen the training and guidance of personnel who handle rabies after exposure.
Strengthen monitoring and reporting:
Establish and improve the rabies surveillance network system to collect, report and analyze rabies epidemic information in a timely manner. The suspected cases of rabies should be confirmed by laboratory testing to provide scientific basis for prevention and control.
Promoting international cooperation:
Strengthen cooperation and exchanges with international organizations and relevant countries to jointly promote global Rabies Prevention and control. Share successful experiences and technical achievements to jointly tackle rabies as a global public health challenge.

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